Black swans are endemic to Australia, and breed primarily on wetlands in south-eastern and -western Australia and nearby coastal islands, covering a range of between one and ten million square kilometers. They are rarely found in northern Australia and the centre.
Black swans also originally also occurred in New Zealand, but were hunted to extinction there before being reintroduced in the mid-1860s. They have also naturally recolonised parts of New Zealand. They are common on a variety of coastal and inland lakes.
There are feral populations of black swans in many parts of Europe and in the US, where they are popular ornamental birds.
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